Tragedy in Comedy Essay Example for Free

Tragedy in Comedy Essay Tragedy in Comedy is only a bad dream. This statement ironically captures the fable created by Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream. While in the play, the night spent by the three couples and the performers in the woods outside Athens is felt by them to be a wild dream, for the audience viewing this comedy, the tragic elements at the beginning of the play seem less like the reality in Shakespeare’s make-believe world. This world has gods and lovers, half-man half-donkey, and goblins spreading love potions. The play captures many elements from the English mythological tradition, and uses them with poise and reserve. As one of the most popular adaptations for film and theatre in modern times, the play survives its intricate plot, typical characterization and reserved prose. The play begins in the house of Egeus with Hermia fighting against the wish of her father to marry the man chosen by him. In response, he invokes the ancient Athenian law that states that a daughter must marry according to the wishes of her father, or else face death. But Egeus gives Hermia another choice, to observe a lifelong chastity in the worship of the goddess Diana as a nun. Hermia decides to elope with her lover, Lysander and they both flight to marry in the house of Hermia’s aunt. They then escape to the forest outside Athens. Hermia has told of this to no one but her friend Helena, who, out of jealousy at being rejected by Demetrious, decides to tell him this in order to gain his favor. The humor here lies in the bitchy love affairs that make Helena betray her friend’s secret. In paintings and other art depicting the scene of confiding, the two are shown in close consultation, secretive and bonding. Thus, the scene is essential in the way that it builds up to the confusion, with Helena trailing Demetrius in his quest to trace Hermia and her lover. It also breaks away from the image, where sacrifice is easily rejected for personal happiness. Such a hedonistic impulse can only mean that the scene is set for the fight or pleasure, in which each person will vie for the lover’s hand. This fight takes a ridiculous proportion, when Oberon, king of the fairies brings forth the hobgoblin, Puck, to lace the sleeping Titania with love potion. Helena is shown from the start to be in pursuit of personal gain. This takes comic proportions when the spellbound Dymetrius and Lysander, a result of an incompetent Puck’s mistaking of Lysander for Demetrius, fall madly in love with her. She feels that this sudden reversal must mean that the two are mocking her. So she can no longer indulge in self centered pursuit, for the objects that she sought now seek her in maddening courtship. Herein lays Helena’s comedy. But it is finally Puck who saves the day, by removing the spell from Lysander, who consequently goes back to his affectionate relationship with Hermia. The band of six â€Å"rude mechanicals†, or stage actors who are to perform at the wedding of Theseus and Hippolyta, find their way into the forest where the â€Å"love in idleness† has caused chaos. It is Puck’s mischief again, in transforming Nick Bottom, an actor, into a man with the head of a donkey. His singing then awakens Titania, who has also been cast with the love potion. This is done on Oberon’s command, for he wishes to procure her changeling as a henchman. This is perhaps the part, when Titania falling madly in love with Bottom, showers Bottom with all that is deserving of a nobleman, a part that is most loved by the audiences of this play. It reaches a tragicomic poise that is eloquent and base all at once (Khoury, 2006). Oberon later orders Puck to remove the curse from Titania, who in turn frees Bottom from the donkey’s head. Oberon commands that Lysander should be freed of the magical hold, but it should remain on Demetrius. The serialization is complete. Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on their morning hunt and find the lovers asleep. Upon waking them, a grand ceremony is held by Oberon. Egeus agrees to Hermia’s union with Lysander, and a group wedding takes place. The lovers believe that the night’s event must have been a dream, and watching a performance by the six workmen, though not particularly pleasing; the lovers find a sense of pleasure and contentment. Oberon and the fairies enter after some time to bless them with good fortune. References Shakespeares Sources for A Midsummer Nights Dream. Shakespeare-online. com. Retrieved on 2009-11-01. The Tempest available at http://shakespeare. mit. edu/tempest/full. html Retrieved on 2009-11-01. The Tempest http://www. enotes. com/a-tempest/ Retrieved on 2009-11-01. The tempest revisited in Martinique: Aime Cesaires Shakespeare. (Critical essay) Khoury, J. (2006) The tempest revisited in Martinique: Aime Cesaires Shakespeare. (Critical essay) Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies | September 22, 2006 | http://www. accessmylibrary. com/article-1G1-154756422/tempest-revisited-martinique-aime. html Retrieved on 2009-11-01. http://cscanada. net/index. php/css/article/viewFile/559/pdf_398 Retrieved on 2009-11-01.

Analysis of The Indian in the Cupboard by Lynne Reid Banks Essay

Analysis of The Indian in the Cupboard by Lynne Reid Banks For this month’s book report I read a book called ‘The Indian in the Cupboard’ by Lynne Reid Banks. This book was about a boy named Omri and his small Indian toy. For Omri’s birthday he received a small Indian toy from a friend and a small cupboard from his brother. Omri put his Indian in the cupboard and to his surprise when he opened the cupboard the Indian toy had come to life. Omri has to keep his Indian a secret for fear of an adult finding out. When Omri told his friend Patrick about the toy, Patrick wanted his own. Omri thought it was a bad idea but brought the toy to life anyway. When Omri brought Patrick’s cowboy toy to life, Patrick was very excited, but Omri was afraid he didn’t know that they were real people. Omri decided he would keep them both at his house. Patrick did not like this idea but agreed only if Omri would bring the cowboy and Indian to school the next day. Then all the trouble started. Patrick and Omri were called into the headmaster’s office and the headmaster threatened to call Patrick’s father if he didn’t tell him what was going on. Patrick was so afraid that he showed the headmaster the Indian and the other toy. Luckily the headmaster thought he was seeing things and so he went home. Omri decided that the Indian was too much trouble and that he should put them into plastic again. So Omri locked the Indian into the cupboard and when he opened it again, the toy was p...

Ethical Dilemmas – Abortion

In our society, there are many ethical dilemmas that we are faced with that are virtually impossible to solve. One of the most difficult and controversial issues that we are faced with is abortion. There are many strong arguments both for and against the right to have an abortion which are so complicated that it becomes impossible to resolve. The complexity of this issue lies in the different aspects of the argument. The essence of a person, rights, and who is entitled to these rights, are a few of the many aspects which are very difficult to define. There are also issues of what circumstances would justify abortion. Because the issue of abortion is virtually impossible to solve, all one can hope to do is understand the different aspects of the argument so that if he or she is faced with that issue in their own lives, they would be able to make educated and thoughtful decisions in dealing with it. The definition of a person is an aspect of the abortion issue which raises some very difficult questions. Is an unborn baby a person When does the unborn baby become a person This is a difficult question because in order for one to answer it, he must define the essence of a person. When describing the essence of something, one needs to escribe the necessary and sufficient conditions of that thing. So how does one define the essence of a person Kant describes a person as a rational being. Some people define the essence of a person from more of a biological standpoint. Nevertheless, defining the essence of a person is a very difficult thing for a group of people to agree on. One own definition of a person would most likely greatly impact his opinion on whether abortion is morally justified or not. This becomes even more complicated when one takes into account potentiality. This raises the question of whether the fetus is an actual person r a potential person. Many would argue that a fetus is a potential person because it is has the potential to become what it is not yet. However, does a potential person have potential rights An example was used: does a potential doctor have the rights of a licensed doctor When one is describing potentiality, All he is really describing is what that thing is not. By declaring that a fetus is a potential person, one is also stating that a fetus is not a person. As one can see, this issue of the essence of a person and whether a fetus is a person is a very complicated one. This becomes seven more omplicated if one takes into account the issue of rights. Now, the concept of human rights, that is to say, what American society dictates as human rights, conflicts heavily with itself. On one hand, we form a deep and heavy opinion on one s right to life. On the other, we hold an equally strong opinion on one s freedom to live that life as they please. American society by and large has a firm belief in an individuals right to live. Therefore, if one comes to the conclusion that a fetus actually is a person, then that fetus should receive the protection to it s right to live, as much as you or I. This society also olds the firm belief in one s right to the sovereignty of his or her own body, equal to that of one s right to live. In this case, it is imperative that we understand what liberties we can and cannot take upon ourselves concerning our lives. Case in point, suicide. Society dictates what we are allowed to do, and how we are allowed to live, by law. Most of American laws are written to preserve one s rights to individuality, and one s right to take the liberty to live their lives as they see fit. However, laws are also written to undermine those who s actions compromise the liberties and freedoms of ther individuals, thus protecting the concepts and ideals of agency and liberty. Based on our society s laws, essentially, we believe that what you do to yourself is your choice, and is accepted by law, so long as it doesn stop or impede the lives and freedoms of others. The difficulty in this dilemma lies within the question of whether an abortion falls into a category of protection of a woman s right s over the sovereignty of her own body, or whether it falls into a different category of an action which is not permissible because, according to some people, the fetus is a person whose life and freedom is being ompromised. The question of rights is further complicated by the different circumstances where the abortion issue could be raised. Many people would argue that abortion should not be used as birth control or as a means to deal with the consequences of promiscuous sex. However, how does one address the abortion issue in the circumstance of rape or incest Many say that in these circumstances, abortion is justified. The confusing thing is that the outcome is the same in both circumstances. The fetus is being denied its right to live and grow to its potential as a human being. Where does one draw the line What about case where there is medical complications For example: a woman becomes pregnant and goes to the doctor for an examination. During the doctor visit, various tests are run and it is discovered that the baby will be born severely deformed and that its quality of life would be extremely substandard. If the woman were to have an abortion, would it be justified What about a situation where a woman becomes pregnant and she does to the doctor and is told that the baby is deformed and the birth would most likely kill the mother. The argument justifying abortion in this case goes back to the right to physical sovereignty ver one s own body. A person has the freedom to do what he or she wants to concerning their own body as long as it does not harm or compromise the freedom of another, except in self defense. Therefore, in the case of the mother who would most likely die in childbirth, an abortion could be justified because she is acting in self defense. And in the case of rape, many argue that an abortion is also justified because the woman s right to not conceive has been violated, therefore she should not be responsible for the consequences which came through no fault of her own. As on can see, the issue of abortion is on e that is xtremely complicated. The problem being that many of the ethical dilemmas involved in the abortion issue are so closely intertwined that they are difficult to distinguish from one another. There are some aspects of the issue that would convince most people that abortion is justified, however when those aspects are combined with other intertwining aspects and imperatives, justification oftentimes becomes impossible. In conclusion, the issue of abortion is so complicated and controversial that it is unlikely that a consensus could be reached by American society. There are too many aspects of he issue which peoples views vary to widely. Some of these issues could be things such as the definition of a person, is the fetus a person, and if so when does it officially become a person. There is also the issue of rights. Do the rights of a person outweigh the rights of a non person. Does the right of a mother s sovereignty over her body outweigh the right of an unborn child to live. The answers to these questions are very diverse as a result of the diversity of the American society. With the issue of abortion, one s attitude toward it is going to be based on many things such as religious background and ersonal morals. There is no black and white answer to the abortion issue. Luckily we live in a country where we are able to decide for ourselves whether something is morally right or wrong. Thus, ultimately, the choice is ours. As with the many other ethical issues which we are faced with in our society, it is hard to come to a concrete answer until we are personally faced with that issue. All we can do is make an effort to know all of the aspects which are involved so that we may be able to make a sound decision if we were faced with this problem in our own lives.

Feminism in the Story of an Hour - 2182 Words

Feminism in the story of an hour Feminism is an ideology dealing with women s struggles for the same rights as men. It proposed that all women should be politically, economically, and socially equal to men. The idea arose in the 19th century and is synonymous with the Women s Rights Movement of the 1900s. Women were discriminated against by males and treated like second class citizens. They did not have the right to vote and married women did not have the right to own their on land. When a woman got married, all of her property went to her husband. Feminism can be traced in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† which is about an hour in the life of the main character Mrs. Mallard . . In this story, a woman named Mrs. Mallard†¦show more content†¦This can show the reader that a woman at this time might not even be aware of just how much of herself she has to hold back when married. It seems like Mrs. Mallard didn’t allow herself the thoughts of being completely free from him and what she wil l be able to do when he’s no longer around, until he was actually dead. The window in the story can symbolize an escape from the traditional gender roles according to the feminist theory. The big comfortable chair is located right in front of it, comfortable possibly meaning that she shouldn’t fear being uncomfortable escaping the typical gender role and becoming an independent woman. Once she sits in the chair she notices all the beautiful things going on outside, â€Å"the trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life† is referring to her new life as a woman breaking free from traditional gender roles and experiencing woman’s rights. When her husband who is actually never really dead in the first place came inside, Mrs. Mallard died right there because when she sees her husband, all her feminine freedom is crashing down around her and now that she has seen the freedom she could have as free woman she could never go back to being under the control of a man and ever be happy again. â€Å"When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease—of the joy that kills† means that when a man has control over a woman, it’s like a disease onShow MoreRelatedFeminism Of The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesIdeas of Feminism in Kate Chopin’s Works In the nineteenth century female authors began to challenge the role women played in society in their works, one of the most notable authors being Kate Chopin. Although Chopin did not declare herself a feminist or a suffragist, her novel The Awakening, and many of her short stories reflect emerging ideas of feminism. Many of her protagonists are strong women who reject the typical role of a woman during the time period. Her stories tend to focus on womenRead MoreKate Chopins The Story of an Hour and Feminism in the 1800s 1318 Words   |  6 Pages According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, feminism is defined as the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes. Feminism is a major part of the short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, which is a story that portrays women’s lack of freedom in the1800s. Women had no rights, and had to cater to all of their husband’s needs. The main character in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a woman who suffers from heart trouble, named Mrs. Mallard. When Mrs. Mallard wasRead MoreThe Storm And The Story Of An Hour Comparison Essay847 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† Katherine O’Flaherty was born in St.Louis, Missouri on February 8,1850. Katherine was considered one of the first 20th century feminist authors. Katherine evolved most of her work as being an American novelist and a short story writer, also a feminist literary movement artist. When her husband died was really a profound writer. By the age of 49 Flaherty was best known for her novel (The Awakening) also a feminine role book. In 1894 she wrote a short story (The Story of anRead MoreKate Chopins The Story of an Hour and Desiress Baby1024 Words   |  5 PagesEscape to Feminism Feminism appears in many different types of medias around the world. Some of the first beginnings of feminism appeared in literature. A feminist writers work often portrays women as very strong and independent. Kate Chopin reveals her feminism throughout most of her works. In two of her works, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby†, feminism is expressed through journey two women take to escape to freedom from unsatisfying marriages. Neither of the husbands in eitherRead MoreLeo Haines. Professor Capozzi. Research Paper. April 29,1518 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin was a famous author of short stories and articles. Kate was born on February 8, 1850, in St. Louis Missouri, and she grew up speaking English and French. After her husband has passed in 1882, and that is when her writing career launched. In most of her novels and stories her characters are bilingual, also known as fluent in two languages. Kate Chopin using the theme of feminism in her stories, â€Å"The Awakening†, â€Å"The Storm†, and â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† where she illustrates the use of theRead More The Variety of Feminisms and their Contributions to Gender Equality by Judith Lorber1120 Words   |  5 PagesJudith Lorber wrote in her article, The Variety of Feminisms and their Contributions to Gender Equality feminist denominations arose from different views, making many contributions to improve women’s statu s. Lorber discusses the views of, â€Å"gender reform feminisms, gender resistant feminisms, and gender revolution feminisms†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (1) etcetera, all which have fought to improve women’s rights. Though there are many different aspects of viewing feminism, writer and contributor of owl.purdue.edu, Allen BrizeeRead MoreFeminist Literary And Cultural Theory By Donald Hall1338 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism is an occurring problem in today’s society. Therefore, society still judges and give stereotypical characteristics and behaviors to woman. According to the text, â€Å"Literary and Cultural Theory† by Donald Hall, the purpose of feminism is â€Å"to reveal, analyze, and redress the situations in which women’s equality with men is denied† (200). For example, feminist analysis is being able to recognize the different degrees of social power that are given to and used by men and women (Halls 199). 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In Truth’s speech â€Å"Spe ech to the American Equal Rights Association†, she reveals the deep split between men and women economically. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, Chopin tells of a woman who was being oppressed in her marriageRead MoreKate Chopin s An Hour, And Tillie Olsen s `` The Yellow Wallpaper ``1396 Words   |  6 PagesLiberation The subject of feminism has evolved into various complex theories. In addition, feminism has also been a heavily debated issue that has been around for numerous years. The argument of feminism is that women are, and always have been throughout history, treated differently than men by society. Therefore, women are being stripped down of opportunities to their benefit economically, socially, politically, and culturally. Since there are multiple theories on feminism, Donald Hall’s definition

Cafs Irp How Does Drinking Alcohol Affect the Wellbeing...

HSC assessment 2012 Community and Family Studies Independent research Project â€Å"How does drinking alcohol affect the wellbeing of teenage girls (between the ages of 14-17)† Contents Title Page Contents List of tables and figures Abstract Acknowledgements Introduction Literature Reviews Methodologies Results Analysis and Discussion Summary and Conclusion Bibliography Appendix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7-15 16 19-24 25 26 27-28 29-37 List of tables and Figures How old are you? When was the first time you tried alcohol? How often do you drink? What type of drinker are you? If you drink, why do you think is the reason that you drink? Have you ever been put in a dangerous situation involving alcohol? Who do you think†¦show more content†¦According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Many young people are facing the consequences of excessive drinking, at a too early age. Because of this issue, underage drinking is a leading public health problem. Each year, approximately 5,000 young people under the age of 21 die as a result of underage drinking including about 1,900 deaths from motor vehicle crashes, 1,600 as a result of homicides, 300 from suicide, as well as hundreds from other injuries such as falls, burns, and drownings (1–5). The answer and research to this topic is demonstrated by primary and secondary research, primary such as interviews and surveys, secondary such as news articles, internet articles and research fact sheets. Within primary sources, participants were surveyed at random, but knowing their age first so I can conduct surveys to an equal amount of age groups. Information from primary sources is kept anonymous for ethics and for honesty in answers. The effects of girl’s underage drinking are negative and dangerous to a girl’s well-being due to the consequences of underage drinking and the fact that their bodies are more vulnerable to alcohol than boys. Health risks of underage drinking include brain effects, liver effects and growth and endocrine effects which may especially affect teenage girls. Consequences girl’s may face due to underage drinking include, Academic problems, Menstrual problems, Poor overall health, Mental health problems, Accidents,

Strategic Decision Level Of Strategic Decisions - 1494 Words

1.1.1 Strategic decision level Strategic decision level plays the most important role in any company. They decide the success of the company and they have long period indication towards the company. They involve in most of the departures from practices and procedures. Strategic decisions are unstructured and the manager has to imply his or her business decision, interpretation and instinct into the problem. These decisions depend on some parts of information from environmental factors which are unclear and effective. Strategic decisions are made by the higher level of management. Tactical decision level Tactical decision level is connected to the execution of strategic decisions. They are coordinated towards divisional plans, structuring†¦show more content†¦For example, Shell will invest approximately $80 million to clean up the pollution at Horsehead site in Monaca, Beaver country. The land was the largest zinc smelter in the nation which brings a great disturbance. Shell is setting up the site for a multibillion-dollar petrochemical complex. Shell has the intention to raise the ground level by about six feet and top the metal-loaded soil with concrete, streets and buildings has been permitted by the state Department of Environmental Protection. Shell’s analysis discovered high levels of lead, arsenic and some other contaminants in the soil and groundwater. The analysis assessed a few alternatives including digging up all the contaminated soil. Shell will put between five to seven feet of clean soil on the ground to keep rain water from streaming through the pollut ed soil layer. Gutters will be built in fragments for two streams going through the property and the organization has installed retention ponds and water treatment system to keep the pollution flowing in to the Ohio river. Shell is drafting the deed it arrangements to file with the Beaver County Clerk of Courts that will determine that the contaminated groundwater from the site can’t be used for drinking or farming. 1.1.3 Unstructured decision Unstructured decision is a decision that will probably get the right answers, it is unknown that can get the correct answer. These decisions are based on

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)

Question: Discuss about the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Answer: Introduction At the present time public companies are obliged by Corporation Act 2001 in order to prepare GPFRs (General Purpose Financial Reports) at least once a year and also communicate the GPFRs to the users those desire to know the financial performance of the organizations. On the other hand, there are a lot of regulations as well as guidelines that the public companies must follow in the preparation of the GPFRs (Kieso, Warfield Weygandt, 2011). Furthermore, due to some exceptions, private companies are not compelled to prepare GPFRs. Along with this, this research essay would be beneficial to describe the importance of GPFRs for the business organization. Moreover, the essay would also be helpful to articulate the difference between GPFRs and Special Purpose Financial Statements. In addition to this, the essay would also be valuable to describe the reason behind that the true and fair view requirement is a central component of Australian financial reporting. Also, this essay would be advantageous to illustrate the reasons behind that only public companies, but not the private companies, require to produce GPFRs. Finally, this research paper will express International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. Importance of GPFRs In fact, the GPFRs are very important for the business organizations. The main reason behind it is that, GPFRs play a significant role in order to reveal transparency and to develop trust between the organization and investors of that particular organization. Along with this, GPFRs are issued by the business organizations in order to give support to investors as well as creditors in the decision making process. GPFRs mainly take in balance sheet, income statement, cash flows statement, and statement of retained earnings to prepare financial reports in an appropriate way (Mather, Ramsay Serry, 1996). Moreover, the set of financial statements is labeled as general purpose as a result of it involves all the essential financial statements that may be used by the people to perform a lot of business activities. In addition to this, public companies use GPFRs in order to communicate the performance as well as competence of the companies with the outer people of the organization. On the other hand, GPFRs are also helpful for both creditors as well as investors in order to foresee the future performance of the company (Bazley, Hancock, Robinson, 2014). Moreover, with the help of GPFRs, the investors of the firm would be able to analyze the ability of the firm to pay off its current as well as future debts in a proper way. In addition to this, GPFRs are important because of these reports play a vital role in order to provide more financial information to the potential investors of the company; so they can make their decision about the investments in an effective and a significant way. Also, GPFRs are not designed to explain the value of a business organization. In contrast, GPFRs play a major role to give information related to the organization to its existing as well as potential investors; so they may estimate the value of the organization in an accurate way (Krambia-Kapardis Clark, 2010). For that reason, it can be said that, GPFRs are very important for t he business organizations and they must prepare GPFRs to provide accurate information about the companies to the investors, lenders and creditors. Difference between General Purpose Financial Reports and Special Purpose Financial Statements There are a lot of differences between General Purpose Financial Reports and special purpose financial statements. For case, a general purpose financial report is a common audit report that endorses the compliance with the appropriate accounting standards simply. Apart from this, a special purpose financial report or statement is a report that is not categorized as a GPFR (Elliott Elliott, 2007). A special purpose financial statement is a statement that is prepared by using a special purpose framework to outfit the specific needs of users who be going to use it. In opposite to this, a GPFR is prepared in order to meet the specific needs of the users who are totally depending on the information. On the other hand, the special purpose framework makes GPFRs and special purpose differ from one another. For case, GPFRs are prepared for the public use whereas special purpose financial statements intended for the draw on of internal users (Henderson, Peirson, Herbohn, Howieson, 2015). In other words, it also can be said that special purpose financial reports are only used by the management or particular external users such as: government bodies, banks, and so on of the firm. In addition to this, the GPFRs disclose more financial information related to the firm that enhances the level of transparency and accountability in an effective way. But, special purpose financial statements release less financial information that condenses the level of transparency as well as accountability (Albrecht, Stice, Stice, 2007). Apart from this, GPFRs are helpful to satisfy the needs of the users while special purpose is unable to satisfy the requests of users. The main reason behind it is that GPFRs disclose all the information related to the financial statements of the firm. But, special purpose reveals little information linked to the financial statements of the firm. Moreover, GPFRs require more time as well as cost to prepare while special purpose needs few time and charge in order to get ready. In other words, it can be said that, special purpose financial statements are faster and cheaper to arrange than GPFRs (Berrington, Bhandari, 2011). In this way, these are the major difference between the GPFRs and special purpose financial statements. True and Fair View Requirement is a Central Component of Australian Financial Reporting There is no specific definition of True and Fair View. But, it is well-known that the True and Fair View requirement is an essential element of Australian financial reporting. There are numerous reasons behind this. For case, the main reason is that, as per the section 297 of Corporations Act, business organizations are obliged to turn out true and fair financial statements to improve the level of transparency as well as accountability in an effective and a more comprehensive manner (Vladu, Mati, Salas, 2012). On the other hand, true and fair view plays a significant role in order to reveal the financial position as well as performance of the company in an accurate way. In addition to this, the financial statements for a financial year offer a true and fair view of the financial position as well as performance of the consolidated entity at what time consolidated financial statements are requisite by the public or government bodies. Along with this, True and Fair View requirement con sists of all the financial information of business organizations that is essential to improve the level of transparency and simplicity in an effective way (International Monetary Fund. 2006). For that reason True and Fair View requirement is considered as a crucial element of Australian financial reporting. Public Companies, But Not the Private Companies, Require To Produce GPFRs It is true that public companies are obliged to produce GPFRs. But, private companies are free from to produce GPFRs. There are numerous reasons behind this. For case, the major reason behind it is that all the public companies as well as large proprietary companies are reporting entities. All reporting entities are obliged to prepare GPFRs (Bandy, 2013). Apart from this, private companies are the non-reporting companies and for that reason they are not obliged to make GPFRs. On the other hand, people invest their money only in the public listed companies and therefore they need all the financial information related to the companies in order to predict future profitability of the companies in an accurate way. Apart from this, private companies do not make GPFRs because of there is no specific need to demonstrate all the financial statements of the organizations to the public (Parker Graham, 2008). In addition to this, public companies have some accountability to the government of the nation. They are obliged to fulfill their liability or accountability in a proper way. If public companies are unable to execute their accountability then GPFRs permit management as well as governing bodies to fulfill their accountability in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. This is also the major reason that public companies are compelled to prepare GPFRs and these reposts must be as per the accounting standards of the nation (Parker Graham, 2008). Apart from this, private companies do not have any specific liability to perform to the government. They are only obliged to fulfill all the common liabilities towards the government of the nation. For that reason; there is no specific need to prepare GPFRs to the private companies. In this way, these are the main reasons for those public companies, but not the private companies are obligated to prepare GPFRs. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) In current, IFRS has become the global standard in order to prepare financial statements of public companies. IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) are a set of accounting standards that are developed by the IASB (International Accounting Standards Board). Along with this, IFRS indicate a set of GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) that are used by companies in order to prepare financial statements in an effective and a significant manner. Moreover, IFRS are planned as a common global language; so that company accounts may be comprehensible as well as analogous crosswise international boundaries (Mirza, Holt Orrell, 2010). In addition to this, IFRS (a set of international accounting standards) play a major role to explain that how particular types of transactions as well as other events must be reported in the financial statements of the firms. Moreover, IFRS are essential to indicate that how accountants must maintain as well as report their accounts exactly. IFRS were developed to have a general accounting language, as a result business as well as accounts can be recognized from company to company as well as country to country (Wiley-VCH, 2011). Apart from this, IFRS play a critical role in order to maintain stability as well as transparency all the way through the financial world. On the other hand, IFRS are very helpful to businesses as well as individual investors in order to make well-informed financial decisions. It is because of with the help of IFRS, businesses and investors would be proficient to perceive right that what has been going on with a corporation in which they desire to invest their money. In this way, it can be said that IFRS are an effective set of accounting standards that are developed as well as maintained by the IABS in an effective way (Ankarath, Mehta, Ghosh, Alkafaji, 2010). Moreover, with the help of IFRS standards, the business organizations and other people who are willing to invest their money would be able to compare the financial performance of the publicly listed companies and would also be able to make investment decisions in an appropriate way. Conclusion On the basis of above discussion, it can be assumed that GPFRs are very essential for the public companies. Moreover, public companies are required to prepare GPFRs as per the pre-determined accounting standards. It is also observed that, private companies are not obliged to prepare GPFRs. Apart from this, it can be observed that, there are numerous differences between general purpose financial reports and special purpose financial statements. The major difference is that GPFRs are prepared to the public while special purpose statements are prepared to some specific people such as: management of the firm, government entities and so on. Also, it is examined that, GPFRs plays a momentous role in order to reveal the transparency and to improve the efficiency of the business organizations in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. Finally, it is also observed that IFRS are the global accounting standards that are developed by the IASB in order to maintain transparency as well as ac countability in the financial statements of the business organizations. References Albrecht, W.S., Stice, E.K., Stice, J.D. (2007). Financial Accounting. Australia: Cengage Learning. Ankarath, N., Mehta, K.J., Ghosh, T.P., Alkafaji, Y.A. (2010). 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